زیست فناوری گیاهی

زیست فناوری گیاهی

زیست فناوری و کشت بافت گیاهی
زیست فناوری گیاهی

زیست فناوری گیاهی

زیست فناوری و کشت بافت گیاهی

حافظه گیاهی!

بنابر یافته های این تحقیق گیاهان قادرند تنش های ناشی از خشکی را به خاطر بسپارند و به این طریق و به کمک  این پاسخ دفاعی از پلاسمولیز و مرگ خودشان جلوگیری کنند!




  Plants Remember 


stress to help


 protect themselves




June 1, 2016 by Tom Frew


A new generation of plants better adapted to mitigate the effects of environmental change could be created following a fundamental step towards understanding how plants are able to retain a memory of stress exposure

The research, led by the University of Warwick and published in the journal eLife, provides the first compelling evidence that plants have evolved ways to remember previous exposures to stress, in this case high salinity conditions, which can help subsequent progenies withstand the same stress in future.

The international study, led by Dr Jose Gutierrez-Marcos from Warwick's School of Life Sciences, has revealed that this "stress memory" is programmed epigenetically by chemical modifications in the form of cytosine methylation to the DNA at specific locations of the plant genome.

"With the rising threat of climate change, there is a need to create future plant varieties that provide stronger yields and are able to grow in a wide range of challenging climates. By uncovering the mechanisms by which plants are able to remember previous exposures to stress and develop adaptive responses, we have opened up the possibility of breeding a new generation of plants to address these requirements."

The new research has found that in the absence of stress this memory is gradually reset especially when transmitted through the male lineage. In addition, the researchers found that stress memory can be fixed by mutations in genes responsible for resetting DNA methylation.

"Before our discovery, the extent of a stress memory in plants was unrecognized but we now have evidence for some of the molecular mechanisms implicated in this process. The next step is to manipulate plant memory and translate this knowledge to produce crops that are better adapted to environmental change"



Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2016-06-stress.html#jCp

معرفی نرم افزار ویراستیار

درباره ویراستیار

«ویراستیار ١» یک افزونه‌ی رایگان و متن‌باز برای مایکروسافت وُرد است که جهت تسهیل در تصحیح و ویرایش متون فارسی طراحی شده است. از قابلیت‌های ویراستیار ١ می‌توان به اصلاح خطاهای املایی و علائم نگارشی، استانداردسازی متون و نویسه‌های فارسی، تبدیل پینگلیش به فارسی، و مبدل تقویم و اعداد اشاره کرد. 

برای آشنایی بهتر با قابلیت‌های ویراستیار، در ادامه به مقایسه‌ی مبتنی بر قابلیت ویراستیار با چند محصول مشابه می‌پردازیم. برای مشاهده‌ی جزئیاتِ مقایسه‌ها و ارزیابی‌‌های مبتنی بر آزمون‌های کلان و خُرد، که بسیار فنی هستند و جایگاه آن‌ها مباحث و مقالات دانشگاهی است، می‌توانید به مقالات علمی و کتاب منتشر شده پیرامون خطایابی املایی در زبان فارسی و خطایاب ویراستیار مراجعه کنید.


مقاله : A Review on Modifying Crops for Biofuel Production

Abstract


Most of the energy we used come from fossil fuels, also this kind of energy because of its destructive effects on our environment and economics are not a sustainable source for near future, so renewable resources such as biomass, hydro, wind, solar and etc. are the best choices for replacing fossil energies. Biofuel is a name given to a solid, liquid or gaseous fuel that produce from renewable feedstock. A sustainable production of biofuel on an industrial scale facing some technical challenges like using of large land areas and water than may compete with the food production, so for minimizing the environmental effects of biofuel production, we have to careful about the selection of the biomass production system that are efficient in the use of land, water and also low amounts of greenhouse gas emission. The goals for modifying plants is to convert biomass to sustainable bio product. An ideal biomass have high cellulose and low lignin and ash content. The productivity of energy crops will depend on identifying the fundamental constraints on productivity and addressing those constraints with modern genomic tools.

Key words: Biofuel, Sustainable bio product, Modifying crops, genomics